What is the cost of brickwork and block work Demolition and Dismantling?

In this article, we explain about rate analysis and cost of demolition brickwork or block work in cement mortar and including stacking of materials as directed by the Engineer-in-charge and Dismantling doors or windows.

Choosing your kitchen cabinets requires careful planning so that you get the right configuration to suit your needs perfectly. Start by asking yourself whether you prefer built-in or freestanding cabinets, and then consider individual elements—what storage do you need, and what finish do you want for the doors?

BUILT-IN OR FREESTANDING

Two factors will influence your choice: the look, and your budget. Built-in kitchens are streamlined and use space effectively, but  freestanding kitchens can be a cheaper option, with lower installation costs, so you may be able to afford a better-quality kitchen

BUILT-IN

Built-in kitchens where runs of cabinets are installed along the wall maximize storage and use space efficiently, so they are practical for all room sizes. Buy the cabinets separately and hire a trusted contractor to install them, or opt for a specialized company that will take care of everything from design through to installation.

FREESTANDING

Freestanding kitchens can comprise separate stand-alone cabinets, drawers, islands, and other cabinets. They are flexible since you can add to them or rearrange the layout and even take them with you if you move. Freestanding cabinets work best in larger kitchens since they don’t use space as efficiently as built-in versions.

CHOOSE YOUR BASIC CABINETS

Built-in kitchens can include base and wall cabinets, and possibly tall cabinets, which should meet all storage requirements. Consider exactly what you want to store and how often you’ll want to access it before you buy.

BASE CABINETS

Cabinets between the floor and countertop range in size from 12in (30cm) to 39in (100cm) wide.  High-line cabinets have single or double doors,  usually with shelves inside; drawer-line cabinets feature one or more drawers.

WALL CABINETS

Wall-mounted cabinets are also 12in (30cm) to 39in  (100cm) wide and vary in height (pick according to the height of your ceiling). Leave a gap of at least 18in (45cm) between the countertop and the underside of the cabinet.

HIGH CABINETS

These floor-to-ceiling cabinets include narrow pull-out cabinets, which provide easy access to stored items,  and pantry cabinets with shelves that can store practically anything from food to china. Both types of cabinets finish level with the tops of wall cabinets, and provide valuable extra storage space while taking up minimal floor space.

LAYOUT CONSIDERATIONS

IN THE KITCHEN...

Before you begin planning the look of your kitchen, think about how it will work on a functional level. In addition to considering each component to be included, it’s worth asking yourself some general questions about the room: does it need to double up as a dining area? Or do you need to organize the space so that different people can do different jobs at the same time?

REFRIGERATOR

Make the placement of the refrigerator, or fridge-freezer, one of your earliest considerations,  since it comprises part of the  “work triangle”. Also bear in mind that if you want your refrigerator to operate at maximum efficiency,  you need to position it slightly away from heat sources such as radiators and dishwashers,  as well as the oven. If you want a refrigerator equipped with an ice dispenser, position it near the water supply so it can be connected.

DISHWASHER

The best place for the dishwasher is right next to, or beneath, the sink, so you can rinse plates and unstack them onto the drain board if necessary. It can also be connected to the water supply and drain without extra plumbing costs.

KITCHEN CABINETS

When deciding which type of cabinet units you need, think about where the contents should be kept for easy access: for example,  store your plates and bowls in a cabinet next to the dishwasher and position pantry ingredients near the range. Your units will also provide countertop space, so consider where you want this some large kitchens have a  separate island of units in the middle of the floor for this reason. Wherever the units are positioned, make sure there is space for the doors and drawers to open comfortably.

KITCHEN SINK

The sink is the second point of the work triangle, so think about its positioning early on,  at the same time you decide where the cooking appliances and refrigerator will go. Remember that you need space in this part of the kitchen to be able to wash food or do dishes without impinging on other work areas. Make sure it isn’t situated in the main thoroughfare either.

RANGE

Since the range is the third point of the work triangle, its ideal location will be partly determined by the relative positioning of the sink and refrigerator. Placing your range is simpler if you have an all-in-one unit combining oven and cooktop. If the cooktop and oven are separate,  on a kitchen island, for instance, the stove should be in easy reach right behind, perhaps, or in an adjacent run of cabinets. Since you may have to transfer food from the cooktop to the oven and back again, the two components should be no more than 4ft (120cm) apart.

TABLE AND CHAIRS

Positioning your kitchen table so it doesn’t impinge on your work triangle may prove to be difficult if space is tight, since, ideally, there should be 3ft (1m) of space for manoeuvring behind every chair. If you do not regularly need to seat people on all sides of the table,  position the table against a wall and only move it into the middle of the room when you need to set an extra place or two.

PLAN THE PERFECT KITCHEN

WORK TRIANGLE

To create a smoothly functioning kitchen, it is helpful to understand the concept of the work triangle.  This states that there are three critical points in any kitchen: a cooking area (the range), a food storage area  (the refrigerator), and a cleaning area (the sink). Here’s how to plan your space around these three points.

COUNTERTOP SPACE

The points of the triangle should not be too close together either. Where possible, for example, it is good to allow a decent stretch of countertop between the refrigerator and range as a space for food preparation. Aim to leave a minimum of 4ft (120cm)  between points.

FOOD STORAGE AREA

As an example of how the work triangle operates, consider the refrigerator. Food taken from here will either need to go straight to the cooking area or be taken to the sink and rinsed first. For smooth functioning, neither of these routes (indeed none of the three sides of the triangle)  should be too great a distance,  nor should they be impeded by cabinets or furniture. 

U-shaped Kitchen work flow

If your kitchen only has cabinets along a single wall, consider a freestanding refrigerator placed opposite the cabinets to create a better triangle.

Also read All You Want to Know About Kitchen Layouts And Its Types | Pros And Cons

COOKING AREA

When cooking, you need to be able to get ingredients from the refrigerator quickly and easily and also to transfer dirty pots and pans to the sink or surrounding countertop. With this in mind, the maximum recommended distance between points of the work triangle is 10ft (3m), in a straight line.

CLEANING AREA

Moving from the refrigerator to the sink to rinse your food,  on to the cooking area, then back to the sink with your dirty pots all of this is made much simpler if you can avoid any thoroughfares intruding on the work triangle. Another thing that will aid the economy of movement is locating your dishwasher as close as possible to the sink so that any pans left to soak have to travel the shortest distance possible afterwards.

What is the kitchen work triangle concept?

Created in the early twentieth century, the working triangle - also known as the "kitchen triangle" - also known as the "golden triangle" - suggests that the three main working areas of a kitchen should form a triangle. In particular, the sink, refrigerator and stove. Some of them are mentioned below

U-shaped (right)  (used above image)

The three sides of a U-shaped kitchen create a clearly defined area for the work triangle, safely away from other thoroughfares. Position an appliance on each side of the kitchen, or two on one side with the other opposite.

L-shaped 

In an L-shaped kitchen where the cabinets run along two adjacent walls,  two points of the triangle should be located along one wall and the other along the second wall. Think carefully about which appliances should go together.

G-shaped 

A G-shaped kitchen can be laid out much like a U-shaped kitchen,  with an appliance on each of the three sides, or alternatively, you can position one of the points of the triangle within the peninsula.

Island feature 

If you add an island feature to an L or U-shaped kitchen, you can either use the island as the site for the sink or range or else put the appliances against the walls and simply position the island so it does not encroach on the work triangle.

Also read: G Shaped Kitchen Layout: Merits and Demerits | Where to use it

Also read: U Shaped Kitchen Layout: Merits and Demerits | where to use it

Also read: L-Shaped Kitchen Layout: Merits and Demerits | Where to use it

Also read: Galley Kitchen Layout: Merits and Demerits | Where to use it

Also read: Single Wall Kitchen Layout: Merits and Demerits | Where to use it

LANDSCAPING

How to choose the land for the house | Selection of site for the residential building | Things you should consider before buying a residential plot

The first step in constructing a new home is to study the actual construction procedure. The first and foremost job in construction is to select a suitable site for the building. A properly selected site of the building gives enhanced beauty to the building without any extra expenditure.

The following points should be considered while selecting the site for any particular building:

1. Soil at the building site should not be of artificially made-up type. Buildings constructed over such soils normally undergo differential settlement and cracks are quite common in such buildings.

2. The site should not be undulating since this leads to an increase in cost for levelling the ground.

3. The site should have its general slope, sloping away from the site in order to enable easy drainage of the building.

4. Civic services, such as main water supply mains, electric lines, telephone lines, and drainage sewers, should be near the site so that no additional costs are incurred.

5. The groundwater table in the site should not be high.

6. Type of the building also affects the site selection. For example, industrial buildings should be situated outside the city, residential buildings must be near schools and hospitals, and public buildings should be located in open areas so that all the requirements may be fulfilled.

7. The selected site should be as far as possible large enough to provide sufficient light and air to the building.

8. The building site should not be in a depression since this will cause drainage problems as well as affect the aesthetic appearance.

9. If the site is sloping, it should be rising towards the back. This improves the elevation and also gives the feeling of comfort. On sloping sites, planning with differential floors becomes possible. The garage and the miscellaneous utilities can be accommodated in the basement.

10. The site should be connected with good communication lines such as the good system of roads and railways.

11. The site should possess good soil at reasonable depths so that the foundation cost is reduced.

12. The selected site should be adequate to accommodate all the essential accessories required in the building.

13. Residential buildings should not be located near workshops and factories since such locations are subjected to continuous noise.

14. A site along the seashore is good from the entertainment point of view but the sea breeze being damp affects health. Metallic fittings are liable to corrode here.

15. The topographical features of the site with natural and artificial surroundings affect the selection of the site to great extent. For instance, in a region of the city having large buildings, a small residential building may not be aesthetically appealing.

16. For industrial buildings, the site selected should be such that

(a) all the raw materials required for the industry must be available nearby

(b) the labourers should be available from the nearby areas

(c) the site must have enough space for future expansion, industry, the construction of residential areas for workers, etc.

(d) A suitable disposal plant to treat the solid or liquid wastes produced by the industry must be available at a reasonable distance

17. Climate plays an important role in selecting sites for industrial buildings. For example, cool and moist weather is more favourable for weaving and textile mills.

FAQ

What are the things to consider when buying land?

·       Plot size

·       Shape of the plot

·       Landform features

·       Access to the plot

·       The neighbouring area around the plot

·       The legal status of the property

·       Designation of the plot

·       Soil investigations

·       Access to facilities

What to Check Before Buying a Land? 

Once you have the original title deed, check it out. The land must be in the name of the seller. Next, verify that the seller has full rights to sell the land and that he is the sole owner. These can be verified by enabling 'Title Search' on the State Government Registration Website.

What are the documents to be checked before buying land?

HOW DO REPAIR OF CRACKS IN BRICKWORK IN BUILDINGS?

Cracks in the walls are caused by different movements caused by temperature, solution of the foundation, shrinkage and so on. From the nature of the cracks, we can infer the seat of motion. As shown in the figure below, the line normally drawn to the line of cracks intersects the seat of the settlement. Any leaks in the drains and consequent softening of the soil or other types of settlements or movements may cause these cracks.

The first step before the repair of cracks is to find the cause of the cracks and try to remedy the cause. For example, if the cause is due to foundation movement, it is worthwhile to proceed as follows:

(A) If there is any leakage in the drain, ditches or manholes, it will soften the basement soil and cause different settlements. Such leaks must be prevented.

(B) In clay soils, the foundation may be reinforced (for example, by placing brickwork below the untreated ground level). In more severe cases, the basement soil can be improved by lime injection or other means. Otherwise, the foundation can be reinforced with the foundation.