SANITARY FITTINGS

• The fittings or an appliance used for collection and discharge of soil waste or waste matter is termed as sanitary fittings.

• Different types of sanitary fittings are required in a building to perform a different type of function.

• These fittings are glazed chinaware.

• These fittings are so designed and shaped that they have a non-absorbent surface which can be easily cleaned.

Types of Sanitary Fittings used in a Building

1.  Wash Basin.

2.  Sink.

3.  Bathtub.

4.  Urinals.

5.  Water Closet.

6.  Flushing Cisterns.

7.  Shower.

8.  Faucet

WASHBASIN

·       A Wash Basin is used for washing hands, face etc.

·       A Wash Basin is usually made of porcelain or enamelled iron etc, sometimes they are also made of pressed steel or plastic.

·       There are two types of washbasins- The flat back and The angle back.

·       An ordinary Wash Basin is mounted on brackets fixed on the wall. While a pedestal type basin are mounted on a pedestal rising from the wall.

·       The type of Wash Basin normally used in a house has an oval-shaped bowl with an overflow slot at top.

·       The flatback Wash Basin have provision for making holes for installing taps. Normally two pillar taps are provided one for cold and the other for hot water.

·       It has a circular waste hole for draining out wastewater from the basin.

·       A metallic strainer is provided in the waste hole which is connected to a waste pipe either directly or through a bottle trap for discharge of wastewater into the floor trap.

·       The top of Wash Basin should be kept at a height of 75 to 80 cm from the floor.

Standard size for flat back Washbasins are

25 inch by 17 inch

21 inch by 15 inch

17 inch by 12 inch

Standard sizes for angle back Washbasins are

24 inch by 18 inch

15 inch by 15 inch

  Water Tap

Tap water is water supplied to a tap. Its uses include drinking, washing, cooking, and the flushing of toilets.

The Material used in the manufacturing of water taps:

Brass, an alloy of copper, steel and zinc, is the most widely used material for tap due to its resistance to soft-water corrosion and hard-water calcification. It usually contains some alloying elements—like bismuth—to make it easier to process..

Types of Water Taps

There is a different type of water tap some are given below.

·       Pillar taps

·       Mixer taps

·       Monoblocs

·       Disk taps

·       Washerless taps

·       Water efficient taps

·       Long handle water tap

·       Thermostatic Taps

·       Infra taps

·       Pull-out tap

Piller Tap

The most traditional style, pillar taps are the classic “hot and cold” style – two separate taps, one for each temperature.

Advantage: Pillar taps tend to be affordable and easy to install.

Disadvantage: Two separate taps for hot and cold water.

Uses: Use in both baths and basins

Standard Bathtub Dimensions

Recommended bathtub clearance – 2.5 ft (760mm)

Minimum bathtub clearance - 1.5ft (530mm)

Bathtub controls location - You can place tub controls both inside and outside the tank. They should be placed 2.75 feet (840 mm) from the floor to the edge of the bathtub.

How many litres are in a bathtub?

Although bathtubs come in a variety of shapes and sizes, a standard or commonly found bathtub can hold about 302 litres (80 gallons) of water. A bath uses 131-190 litres of water.

For small companies with 15 or fewer employees, OSHA requires businesses to have at least one lockable, unisex bathroom in their workplace. If you employ more than 15 people, the number of toilets required increases. You also need to determine how to separate the toilets between the sexes.

Here are the specific number of toilets requirements:

STANDARD TOILET FIXTURE SIZE

The standard depth of a toilet seat is 16 inches (40.5 cm) from the hinges to the rim. If you get a longer model, it will be slightly longer - like 18 inches or 46 cm. You have the dimensions of the tank arrangement to do this from a total depth of about 26 inches to 29 inches (66cm - 74cm). There are space-saving options in Europe that are smaller than this because a toilet does not require a minimum size.

RECOMMENDED TOILET CLEARANCE

20 inches (510 mm) from the centerline of the toilet seat to the adjacent wall or enclosure is recommended. This means 40 inches (1020 mm) is recommended to accommodate a toilet. in front of the toilet is 30 inches (760 mm) is recommended clearance.

MINIMUM CODE TOILET CLEARANCE

The minimum distance from the toilet centerline to the nearest barrier is 15 inches (380 mm). The minimum distance from the edge of the toilet to the wall is 4 inches (100 mm). This means that the minimum length required to place the toilet is 30 inches (76 cm). Requires at least 21 inches (530 mm) in front of the toilet or bidet.

TOILET PAPER HOLDER LOCATION

The recommended position is 8-12 inches (200 - 300 mm) from the front of the toilet seat to the centerline of the toilet paper holder, and 26 - 30 inches (660 - 760 mm) in height.

These measurements also apply to bidets.

How to Measure a Toilet

An important step in purchasing a new toilet is making sure it fits. To find the right size toilet for your bathroom, hold the tape measure and find out these important measurements.

Toilet Height

Measure from the floor to the top of your toilet seat. Then measure from the floor to the top of your toilet’s tank to make sure your new toilet can fit into the same space or under any over-the-toilet storage racks that you do not want to get rid of.

Toilet Depth

Measure the toilet rim from the front to the back of the toilet. We recommend that you have at least 2 feet of space in front of the toilet. So you get plenty of spacewalk around

Toilet Width

Measure the toilet bowl or the right edge of the seat (whichever is wider) from the left edge to make sure it fits your space. Your toilet should be at least 30" – 762mm wide wherever it is placed in your bathroom.

Rough-In

The most important toilet dimension when buying a new toilet is the rough-in measurement, which is the distance between the centre of the closet bolts and the wall behind the toilet. To do this, take a tape measure and measure from the back wall (not baseboard) to the center of one of the rear closet bolts. The standard toilet dimension for rough-ins is 12 inches, but in some instances, it may be 10 or 14 inches.

STANDARD TOILET DIMENSIONS

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