The painting industry caters to both industrial painting (as in automobiles, ships, etc.) and decorative painting. In building construction, we are interested only in decorative painting. The materials used for painting buildings are usually one of the following:
1. Lime (fat lime) for whitewashing.
2. Materials for colour washing: They
contain fat lime with colouring materials.
3. Cement paints: These are made from
cement and additives. They can be used on plastered brick, concrete, AC sheets,
etc.
4. Dry distemper is a water-based natural
substance such as chalk or acrylic materials in powder form.
5. Oil bound distemper: Oil emulsion type
(with natural or acrylic materials as base) comes in thick paint form. It is
generally called OBD.
6. Oil paints: These are cheap paints
consisting of oil as base, pigments and a drier.
7. Plastic emulsion paints are water-based
paints with acrylic builders.
8. Enamel paints: These contain resinous
matter which forms a smooth hard film. The resins may be ordinary natural
resins obtained from materials such as turpentine or maybe plastic alkyd
resins as in synthetic enamel paint. These are used on metal, wood, etc.
9. Exterior paints are acrylic or cement
paints specially made for exterior use.
10. Primers for paints: There are different
primers that have to be applied to surfaces before applications of the paint.
They provide the base for a good paint job. We have different primers as
follows:
(a)
White cement primer is used as a primer for the plastered surfaces.
(b) Metal
primers: Red oxide zinc chrome primer (IS 2074-1979) is used for steel as
primers. Simple zinc chromate primer is used for aluminium and it can also be
used for steel. (These primers are more effective than the simple red oxide
primer paints used in former days.)
(c) Wood
primers: Pink wood primer, aluminium paint or boiled linseed oil can be also
used as a primer for wood
11. Varnishes and polishes for woodwork.
These
materials and their covering capacities are described in the book on Building
Materials. In a middle-class single- or two-storey residence, we may choose
cement paints (especially those not requiring water curing) for the exterior and
interior walls. For interior walls, we may also use the more expensive
distempers, enamel paints or acrylic emulsion paints. In this chapter, we will
deal only with the important considerations in choosing paint and carrying
out the work in building construction.
It
is also of interest to note that certain architectural features can also help
maintain the beauty of painted external walls for a longer period. Protection
of painted external surfaces from rain by means of ample overhang at eaves is
sloped roofs and continuous projections such as sunshades or other features in
RC roofed buildings can protect the walls from discolourization and fungus
growth, especially in regions of heavy rainfall. These should be incorporated
at the planning stage.
Must read: Guidelines
of Home Painting
Must read: How
to do whitewashing and colour washing
Must read: How
to Do Painting With Cement Paint
Must read: How
to Do Painting With Dry Distemper
Must read: How
to do painting of plastered walls with plastic emulsion paint
Must read: How
to do painting iron and steel with enamel paints?
Must read: How
to do painting new / old woodwork with synthetic enamel paint
Must read: How to
do polishing wood which has attractive grains?
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